MA with KAL energy model
MARKAL is the Markd A110cMion abbreviation, is an analytical tool for energy systems based on linear programming. By the first energy crisis, the International Energy Agency (1EA, IMkmationalEne 'Gy A printing ncy) was established in 1976. A American, Germany and other multinational cooperative research program t11AP (Ener liver Technnl. RY 5yskms Anal job 1sPmRram), to strengthen the capacity of each member country energy system analysis. The main product is ETsAP MARKAL. At present this model in the oEcD (Organization for economic cooperation and development) countries and other developed countries are widely used. The technical progress of the energy demand and energy conversion, alternative energy, energy investment and system cost, reduce greenhouse gas emissions impact on the energy system and economy etc can all use the modeling. MARKAL with linear programming style to choose the best combination to meet future energy technology, the demand of energy services.
The foreign energy economic research three binding environment called 3E (E. EW, Kcon. My snd En; mM) of coffee. Energy is the basic constraints for economic and social development, with economic growth, along with the development and utilization of energy, environmental pollution has become the human have to face the challenge of C 3E (energy, economy, environment) system research first in some developed countries, Japan and other international organizations in development, through the efforts of all countries in the world, in this field the sustained and in-depth research, and increasingly to cooperation. The 3E model to meet the need of sustainable development of national economy, mainly used to support the national policy on sustainable development strategy, especially in the energy sector to meet the need of sustainable development. For the energy forecast, assessment and formulating energy development strategy, including the prediction of future energy development, to production process are: environment analysis, analysis of the impact of greenhouse gas emission reduction on social and economic development, analysis of the various technical abatement cost. Research on 3E system of typical
The following:
(1) the strategic environmental assessment method proposed by SadIer (sEA), through the evaluation of the energy planning, energy policy alternatives, accumulation effect, the additional influence of global, regional and non project has fully considered in the early policy, planning stage, is a kind of policy, planning, coordination energy development and environment, economic relations between decision and planning means;
(2) the organization for economic cooperation and development of the United Nations proposed 8 criteria of energy policy impact assessment, the environmental effect is effective, economic effect is improved, management and enforcement costs, social capital income, extensive economic consequences, the dynamic effects of soft impact and innovation;
(3) the United Nations Environment programme launched the research results America scholar H.10dum, put forward "method to calculate the evaluation value" the wealth of nations, and on China's ecological economic system can be analyzed the value and economic development;
(4) the Japanese economy research carried out by the world energy research on ultra long-term energy supply model and Asia in the long run macroeconomic energy model of supply and demand research. Through the research results of 3E, the energy development strategy. |
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