The influence factors on the utilization of solar energy
1) and mineral fuel economic competitiveness
One of the main obstacles to expanding the use of solar energy is facing a solar system with the maturity of the mineral fuel system to compare
Economic performance problems. Economic comparison analysis, the power plant unit investment cost, operation and repair costs, fuel
Material costs and other related annual average cost, such as waste disposal are taken into consideration, the power station installed cost of conversion of adult
The average values (the fixed fee rate of lo%), and the application of network power as the object. Figure 2.20, figure 2.21 and figure 2.22, respectively
Is compared with conventional electricity price comparison, solar thermal power generation cost comparison chart and photovoltaic electricity cost graph.
The top two curves diagram comparing conventional power price is natural gas or fuel Bo plants cost (base load power generation
With the coal, and through the sulfur smoke treatment except). Solar thermal power generation cost comparison curve showed that, even in the best of 1990 that kind of feeling
Under the condition of the same, is not large compared to conventional electric power system, 20lo, moderate cost of solar thermal power stations and middle load
Station competition; by 2020, with all kinds of conditions of the conventional power station competition, can replace the base load power station. In 2010
The cost of photovoltaic power plant began generating competition and peak value; by 2020, photovoltaic system can be widely and peak load power plant
Competition. The curve has a large uncertainty, because of containing many assuming future inference, but has a certain reference
Value.
2) investment and operation cost of the beam between the risk equivalence
Decision makers must choose between fossil fuel plants and solar system, solar system obviously face greater
Risk, because it need to pay equal and fuel costs. Unless it can be to save general operating costs for foreign investment
Investment in the first few years to recover, or more conservative investors is not willing to invest in solar power plant. The result is, as far as
Pipe fuel conventional energy costs continue to rise and will make the solar system runtime cost balance and conventional energy, but the fuel of the future
Short term behavior cost risk reduction and economic decision making in the solar system will enter the market pace slowed down.
3) total investment capacity
We can find several decades development of solar energy the funds needed for the future, this is a very important issue, this issue in the development of Chinese
A particularly prominent.
4) the reasonable production capacity growth
The world solar hardware manufacturing capacity is now limited. Each link of solar technology, from the production of basic
Plate type heat collector and a solar stove to produce very complex poly model of photovoltaic solar cells, have different technical requirements.
By 2020, manufacturing capacity growth will no longer be a development and utilization of solar energy constraints.
5) intermittent energy to expand energy system
Solar energy is a kind of intermittent resources, both has the day night difference, at any time, affected by climate change, this kind of influence can only pass
Time, the disadvantages of solar energy will affect its development. The utility power network typical of many distributed in different regions of power
Machine, to meet the different load demand. When individual generator shutdown, can rely on the reserve margin set aside in advance of the power supply system
(installed reserve margin) to solve. For the pipe, fuel supply system, once the equipment failure or interruption of supply,
You can rely on the standby pump or a spare tank to supply energy.
If Intermittent Resources in a power supply system, only a small proportion of the power supply system, a carving have allowance, so from the economy
Point of view, it does not have disadvantages. But if the proportion of more than 10% to 15%, must take seriously the
A problem. In the power generation industry, generally can provide a correlation between sex and energy demand to intermittent energy resources in general
20% - 70%. This is also the intermittent power to determine the capacity value. If intermittent energy in power supply in the proportion of very
Large, extra spare capacity so the system must increase the reliable, in order to maintain sufficient margin required for proper operation. When the volume
The reserve volume is very small, it needs to add additional capacity big, from
L Ie capacity reserve is large, requires very little spare capacity or stored energy, equivalent to the effect of intermittent energy cost
Too small.
In the area of solar energy resources is lower than the average level or is not sufficient, the problem will direct influence the utilization of solar energy resources, too
To reduce the solar energy technology brings the cost, also because of increased solar energy power plant capacity reserve caused by cost
L offset. This capacity reserve about solar energy in power supply in the market in the proportion of 10% to 15%, while the conventional energy
The system can solve this problem only by the normal operating margin.
6) way of life and educational change
In order to make solar energy resources and make a greater contribution to the global energy supply, people must understand the role of solar energy and actively
Development and utilization of solar energy support. Of course, also must try to let solar technology and people's cultural background to adapt, to make solar energy into
As for each person is a kind of energy is very important. To educate people about a class of common sense and solar energy advantage
Sex, is an important global task. |
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